Most original equipment (OEM) speakers in vehicles are designed to produce an acceptable sound to most people, last the life of the vehicle, and most importantly be cost effective. The average cost of a speaker in a vehicle is usually less than $5 ea. I can buy some GM OEM speakers from GM’s supplier for less than a $1 ea. In most vehicles the sound system is not a high priority for the manufacture. All they are after is to please the average consumer.
The same goes for the audio electronics in the vehicle. Most OEM CD players are designed to play in varying conditions over the life of the vehicle. The transports, circuit boards, and other parts have been designed tougher than what you would find in a home CD player. This usually results in not as high of quality sound reproduction as you would find in a mid to high priced home CD players but unless you were able to test them side by side you probably would never notice the difference. Other factors such as paying attention to driving, road noise, engine noise, and other factors overwhelm the sonic differences for most consumers.
In the past few years some of the higher end vehicles (Lexus, Mercedes, BMW, Volvo, ect..) have improved their sound systems. Lexus has a system designed by Mark Levingston. Acura has a DVD-A system in one of their vehicles. Lincoln has several audio systems designed by JBL. Volvo has a Dynaudio designed system in one of their cars. These systems take “audiophile” qualities into account by paying more attention to tonal, soundstage, and imaging qualities. Some of these systems come close to the custom “audiophile” systems I have heard and seen at national level car audio shows.
At the level of car audio I am at the planning, engineering, design, and execution of the audio system has similarities to home audio. As with home audio, the most important factor in “audiophile” car audio is speaker placement. Mediocre speakers in the perfect location will always sound better than the best speakers in a bad location. The vehicle’s interior has to be thought of as a very small room. Imagine trying to put a home theater system in a small walk in closet already full of stuff and you get the idea. The best locations are where the speaker has very little interference with nearby reflected sound waves and has a similar pathlength (the distance from the speaker to the listener) as the matching speaker on the other side of the car. Considerations as the shape of the dash and center console, where the windshield and door glass is in relation to the speaker, the density of the carpet and seats (to absorb sound), and even the assembly fit and weight of the parts (to reduce vibrations) have to be taken in to account. Then you have to worry about the correct crossover points and slopes, proper gain settings, proper equalization, time delays, and other tuning areas that are mostly taken care of in home audio. I would say that “audiophile” level car audio is much more difficult than home audio or home theater.