I'll do my best
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The above graph represents a sweep by frequency for two fixed drive levels into 8 ohms, i.e. 5V (3.125W @ 8 ohms) and 20V (50W @ 8 ohms). This is a bit different from a continuous full power bandwidth test as run here at AH in that you're basically looking at how much distortion you'd get with pure tones at 3W and 50W respectively into 8 ohms, i.e. 50W @ 20kHz yields about 0.3% THD+N. While obviously not a real world scenario, it still gives a starting point as to how an amplifier performs across its full operating bandwidth.
With respect to the CFP-BW test, I'm not 100% sure of how its structured (and it may well vary between how its run here vs by manufacturers such as Onkyo), but my educated guess is that its running something similar to pink noise in that the signal has equal power from octave to octave. As 5kHz-20kHz represents only two octaves, its effect on the final number will be mitigated a bit from what you see in that graph. The effect of that top end rise may be further cut depending on the bandwidth chosen to measure distortion. If you're cutting things off at 20kHz, then harmonic distortion for content beyond 10kHz doesn't enter into the equation at all.
With any luck, all this makes some sense at 3:30 in the morning and I'm not just a rambling loon.