re: doppler distortion
It happens when a small, long excursion woofer tries to play deep bass and midrange tones at the same time. Since the only way a small woofer can play bass without moving in and out a large amount, the mid tones being reperesented simultaneously are actually being transmitted from a cone that can be several inches from itself in a matter of fractions of a second.
An exaggerated illustration of this problem can be achieved by playing a low frequency sine wave at the same time you play a clear, sustained mid range tone, like a violin or a flute. What happens is the midrange tone starts warbling and distorting.
Larger woofers don't have this problem since they move far less to produce the same kind of low frequencies at the same SPL.