Fun read. There were some examples of poor RIAA calibration decades ago, but it's such a mature technology now that it's pretty hard to get it wrong unless dealing with one of those cheap turntable/amp/speaker combos. Phono cartridges also had very different characteristics but CDs eliminated that aspect of playback, or more accurately replaced it with DAC implementations. DACs got pretty accurate early on so I'm on board with those that believe that there is very little difference between built-in DACs in AVRs & CD players and those expensive out-board DACs. What reviewers are hearing is likely expectation bias, or like in one recent speaker thread, certain errors are to people's liking.
There were correct arguments in regard to MP3 bit rates early on. 128k sounds like crap on good equipment. You can't accurately reproduce high frequencies at low bit rates and cymbals sound like the speaker is rotating quickly. 256k gets acceptable to the average listener, but on good speakers that offer a lot of detail in higher frequencies, those with good hearing can notice the compression still. At 320k it gets very hard to tell the difference between FLAC and MP3. I would have anyone making that claim perform a double blind test. I have loaded WAV and FLAC and 320k MP3 files into Audacity (which can display the analogue waveform) and the waveforms are virtually identical (you can spot small variations with MP3 in places due to the compression). The problem with MP3 is that it is lossy, so if things change down the road (and they always seem to) converting from MP3 to something else loses those differences permanently, and if converting to another lossy format you introduce more errors that get compounded. At least with FLAC you will be able to convert to another format and still be 100% true to the source.
Early digital recordings were far from perfect though (and still fail to be many times). It's all in the hands of the mixer and recording engineer. As hi-fi enthusiasts we would like to have every recording mixed for studio monitors with minimal compression, but music is for the masses and engineers have to take mobile phones, portables, mini-speakers and the like into consideration. A thorough engineer will play back a mix on a variety of devices and speakers and that can lead to some compromises along the way. Steven Guttenberg (The Audiophiliac) once suggested to music labels that they release one mix for the masses and another for audiophiles, but that's not economically practical.
As a technology though I think you would be hard pressed to find an engineer worth his salt who would argue that digital has not surpassed analogue for accuracy.