1) Download
WinISD. This is speaker modeling software and works very well for subwoofers. You input the driver parameters and its primary function is to suggest enclosure type, tuning frequency, and display a projected frequency response graph. It's indispensible and has several built-in modifiers (crossover, room gain, Linkwitz transforms, etc).
2) I'm not entirely sure what the LT does exactly, but I know it greatly extends low-end response in a sealed box. It's nominally a modification to the amplifier.
Rythmik Audio is the primary source for LT kits and plate amps with LTs already added. They also sell a great kit that includes a 350 watt plate amp w/LT along with a very, very good 12" driver for $340 total. You can pick up their 350 watt plate amp with LT installed for, I think, $189. Note that the LT add-on is somewhat specific for the particular driver it's being attached to. If you're handy with a soldering iron you can specify what you need in the LT add-on and they will sell you a kit you can install onto your amp yourself. Their $340 kit (amp + LT + sub) will fit perfectly into a sealed box between 1.7 and 2 cf and give you a -3dB point of around 22-24Hz (compared to 35Hz without the LT). If you want a sealed box, this is probably the easiest and best way to go.
IIRC, you're looking at about 2cf for a sealed 12" Dayton HF driver and 1.4cf for a sealed 10".