I have been trying without success to find you a service manual. The motor on your turntable is a
DC servo motor.
Basically the motor is under PCM control. The shaft angle sensor sends PCM pulses to the controller to tell it the shaft angle. The controller then sends square waves of appropriate duration to move the shaft the appropriate rotation. The pots fine tune the two speeds of the turntable. They will be fine adjustment. If the PCM servo feedback is not working, DC servo motors run wide open.
So your motor is wide open, because you have a power supply that has the wrong PCM unit to detect and or send pulses back to your motor.
If it is the right power supply, then either the motor can not send PCM, or the power supply can not send it, or the square wave generator is broken.
All DC motors for turntable use have to be of this type, as otherwise speed could not be tightly controlled. Older AC motors could be locked to the AC mains frequency.