Hi. We can have a better idea if you list the model number of your receiver, but my belief is that the volume setting is relative to some reference level. So, -10dB is intended to give a certain loudness. If you calibrated the speaker levels after hooking up the new amp (and you'll probably be very close even if you didn't), then -10dB with the amp should give you the same loudness in your room as -10dB did with the receiver.
In other words, your speakers should sound as loud at the same setting on the receiver's volume knob. However, like you stated, the external amp is allowing you to play it at higher levels without having the receiver shut off. So, everything is running the way it should, and you actually did get an improvement with your new purchase. Congrats!