In my collection of discs the best sounding SACDs do not sound better than the best CDs. I do think I can hear the difference between CD and the best (320) MP3 at least that's what I found comparing my CDs to those ripped from the same CDs to 320 MP3. To me it is surprising to see that in the study it shows most people couldn't hear the difference. Put it that way, the difference betwee MP3 320 and CD is much more obvious than that between my amps.
I agree. I've done this test, between 320kbps MP3 and a CD, and on some MP3-320 recordings it is very difficult to tell the difference, but on some recordings it is obvious, especially once you notice the difference. Annoyingly, you can train yourself to notice the difference. I know a lot of people don't think so, but listening acuity is often a matter of training.
One recording I can hear a discernible difference with is the Telarc CD of Michael Murray playing Bach's Toccata and Fugue in D minor, played at a relatively low level, like a 70db average in a very quiet room. Feel free to try it for yourself. Murray plays one wrong note, and I think it is obvious on the CD. I have trouble hearing it on an MP3.
On the other hand, I've never heard a difference or an advantage with SACDs, or deep-word or high sample rate recordings. I like to record with 24bit words, only because it makes it easy to avoid overload with sloppy gain setting, but I can't hear a difference between CDs and SACDs on commercial recordings, or my own if I'm careful with the level control.