Whoa...hold on there.
Okay, you definitely have some problems based on what you described with the HSU VTF-2 MK4 subwoofer. It should NOT be humming and "sounding like a fridge" when nothing is playing! It should be silent unless you have your ear litearlly pressed right up against the cabinet (in which case, you will hear a soft hum coming from the amp. But it should be totally silent as soon as you are any sort of distance away from the subwoofer).
It sounds as though you might simply have a loose connection - either at the subwoofer plug or at the Denon receiver's plug. Or you might have your subwoofer cable plugged into the wrong output of the Denon AVR-1712.
It sounds as though you haven't read the Denon manual and followed the basic setup guide. It also sounds as though you have not run Audyssey.
I totally understand that you want to just plug everything in and enjoy some music right away. So I'll put it this way:
Are you willing to be patient, go through the setup process step-by-step and follow the instructions?
If you are not willing to do that, and you just want everything to be quick and easy...that's ok! You're perfectly entitled to want what you want. You just have to realize that the products you bought are not plug-and-play, and they require some careful setup, some patience, and following the instructions in order to get them working properly and performing up to their potential.
In your room size, there is NO WAY you should have the volume knob on the VTF-2 MK4 turned up that high! There is a serious connection and/or setup problem based on the sort of disappointing sound that you described.
If you're willing to have a little patience and go through your setup step by step, here is what you should do:
1) Disconnect everything. Unplug everything from the Denon receiver. You need to start from scratch.
2) Go into the Denon receiver's menu and do a factory reset. You can read how to do this in the Denon manual if you're having trouble finding it in the menus just by browsing. You want to go right back to it being like a brand new unit so that you can be sure you are doing everything properly.
3) Now follow the connection guide in the Denon manual. Take your time and really make sure that all of your speakers, the subwoofer, and all of your sources are connected properly to the Denon receiver. Make sure all of the connections are secure. Make sure there are no stray strands of speaker wire that might accidentally create a short circuit. And make sure every wire and cable is going to the correct plug - speaker wires should be running (+) positive to (+) positive and (-) negative to (-) negative.
4) The HSU VTF-2 MK4 has a lot of options. Read through the manual and make sure you understand all of the options for the port plugs, the switches and various settings on the VTF-2 MK4's amp. In a room like yours, I would suggest using one port plug and using "EQ1" for "Ported Max Extension Mode". You should be getting a lot of room gain in such a small room, so use the lowest "0.3" Q setting. Set the phase to zero, the cross-over to "out" and the power to "on" (not auto). Finally, start with the volume knob turned up about 1/3 from its minimum. Even that is probably going to be too loud, but it's a good starting position and should allow Audyssey to work well in your room size.
5) With everything now carefully connected properly and the subwoofer's settings made to suit your room, set the master volume on the Denon to zero dB and plug in the Audyssey microphone. Go through a full Audyssey setup and follow my suggestions from the first reply that I made.
6) finally, once all of the setup is done, you'll want to make sure you are using the correct listening modes for whatever content you are watching or listening to. For stereo music, you might want to try the Dolby Pro Logic II Music mode so that you will have all 5 speakers and the subwoofer playing. Otherwise, you can just use "stereo", which will play 2-channel music using the Front L/R speakers and the subwoofer only (no sound will come out of the center or surround speakers). There are A LOT of listening modes available in the Denon 1712, so read the manual and go through the many options until you find the listening mode that you prefer for each source that you have connected to the Denon.
If all of this is too much of a hassle for you, that's ok! Not everyone wants to spend the better part of a full day carefully making sure that every connection is and setting is correct, running Audyssey (which takes a while), and going through the many, many options of a receiver like the Denon 1712 by trial and error, and reading manuals the whole way through. There's nothing wrong with wanting something faster and easier. These products might simply not be what you want in terms of ease of use and user friendliness. You might be happier with a decent Home-Theater-in-a-Box or all-in-one package that is designed to be easy to connect and work right out of the box.
The VTF-2 MK4 is capable of tremendous output that is accurate, deep and very powerful. There is clearly something very wrong with your current connections and/or setup. And I think it is more than just sitting in a room mode (although that is also a likely problem that you might not be able to fix since you don't really have anywhere else that you can put the subwoofer). But when you say it sounds like a fridge when nothing is playing, that's a clear indication that something is very wrong! You might simply have a ground loop from the power cord plugged into the wall. I actually think you have a bad connection between the subwoofer and the receiver though.
Try plugging the subwoofer into the wall with NO OTHER connections of any kind. Turn the subwoofer on. Does it still hum? If so, you have a ground loop, or possibly even just a defective amplifier. You shouldn't have a ground loop though since the VTF-2 MK4 uses a two-prong plug that doesn't even connect to the 3rd ground prong. So if you just plug the subwoofer into the wall - no other connections of any kind - and it is humming or making noise of some kind, you should call HSU and talk to them. If it is making noise without any other connection - just power - you might have a defective amplifier, which would explain a lot! And you'll certainly be entitled to a repair or replacement under warranty.
Honestly though, I think you just have a bad connection between the sub and receiver. But double check just to make sure. That sub should be silent when nothing is playing
Hope that helps!