To put it simply the crossover creates a bit of overlap (for a smooth blend) where the subwoofer and speaker are both producing the same frequencies. If the sound waves from the speaker and subwoofer are 180 degrees out of phase when they reach your ear the sound waves within those overlapping frequencies will to some degree cancel each other out creating a dip in bass volume in that region. Setting the phase switch/dial isn't a one person job, you need to be listening from your normal listening spot while someone else moves the dial.
In your case (computer distances) as long as the speakers and sub are roughly the same distance from your ear then a setting of "0" will probably be fine.