Welcome to the forum!
You've done some great troubleshooting. There is one thing that I didn't see mentioned, and that's the software setup of the speakers in your control panel. In Windows 7, after you've set up your speakers for surround sound, you can select to not use some of them. So, in Windows 7 > Control Panel > Sound, go into your speaker setup and make sure that the center channel is selected for use. There will be check boxes next to the speakers, and just make sure that the center channel is checked.