The Denon is rated lower at 125 WPC, 8 ohms, .05% THD, 2 channels driven but has a 670 watt power supply where as the Yamaha is rated at a higher 140 WPC, 8 ohms, .06% THD, 2 channels driven and yet has a weaker 490 watt power supply? Am I wrong because I always thought there was some correlation between the two or did one of them overrate or underrate their amp section.
There are definitely correlation between power output and power consumption but manufacturers don't seem to follow the same standard, so I do not believe you can be sure about what exactly the correlation is.
Yamaha had in the past specified "power consumption" and "maximum power consumption" for some of their AVRs. They didn't tell you what the basis of their "power consumption" and "maximum power consumption" were though.
Denon on the other hand only provided one number for power consumption but offered no details of what their basis were. People tend to assume it means when the AVR is outputting its rating power into all channels, but that's just their own assumptions. Power supplies typically can output much more than their rated power for a short duration, so that's another unknown since manufacturers don't tell you anything about "duration".
I find this whole power consumption thing confusing and I am sure it gets misunderstood/misinterpreted all the time. If you are comparing units by the same manufacturers then you probably can draw some reasonable conclusions, otherwise forget it.
I just checked the RX-A2040's manual and they actually rated the power consumption differently in different countries as well.
Canada - 400W
US - 490W
Korea - 390W
and then they specifed their "Maximum Power Consumption" 1210W.
That sort of support my belief that they do not follow one single universal standard.
I don't know your room dimensions and your listening level, but I would think that the difference in power outputs between the 2040 and 4100 won't make much difference for your speakers that are not hard to drive. If you believe in Audyssey XT32 and Sub EQ HT, go with the Denon, otherwise the Yamaha would be my choice.