It's all over the place. But, remember that a 4K TV will always upscale everything to its native 4K resolution. Anything over 480p is considered high definition. 4K in the home isn't quite 4K which is why the Ultra High Definition designation is also used. TV broadcasts are varied as some are at 480i , some at 720p and some at 1080i. There are a few 4K broadcasts of events. Many cable/sat boxes allow a fixed resolution setting for output to avoid black outs from resolution changes. So, set it at 1080p, and everything gets upscaled. Most streamers do not have a native resolution setting and automatically upscale to the TV's native rate, though HDR, chroma subsampling and frame rate settings can be made. Some will apply HDR automatically to all content. Apps, themselves, have only complicated matters because some apps will only output content in a certain format on certain streamers. It might be a 4K HDR movie @24Hz but, have a basic subscription or use the wrong streamer, and the movie will be presented in 4K SDR and 60Hz. Have a basic or mid level subscription and low bandwidth settings and you may only get 1080p out of the app. Yeah, it's a mess and there are far too many settings to apply for the best presentation. Just know that the TV will upscale everything to its native resolution no matter what you throw at it. The least processing of the signal along the way, the better. If a receiver is set to passthrough and the TV does NOT recognize a 4K signal while playing what is supposed to be 4K content, something is up at the source.