More specifically, the magnetic field strength drops proportionately to the inverse square of the distance.
Thus, it dies off quickly!
With the large magnet located on a subwoofer, the influence from a small magnet several inches away is insignificant.
Just the same, I would look for a 3/4" magnet instead of the 1-1/4" you linked. Not so much because I think it would mess with the sub, but because you are liable to need to use ridiculous amounts of force to remove the grill and could end up doing something dumb like punching yourself in the face when it come free while you are fighting with it!