I was having the same problem with my sub and adjusting the channel level didn't fix the problem.
This is what I discovered: The bass level limiter in my receiver is what actually sets or limits the subwoofer output by the receiver. It was set to -60 dB by default which was inaudible, so the receiver wasn't putting out any signal to the sub. Once I set the bass level limiter to 0dB, the sub started working perfectly. The gain knob on the sub is used to adjust the volume of the sub itself and the channel level in the receiver is used to balance the sub with the other speakers. I know this seems simple to more experienced folks, but being a newbie to this realm, (Up until last month I've never owned a receiver or a subwoofer); it took me several days to figure this out.