It's used not only in mics, but other types of professional cabling as well because of the long runs and interference they deal with. Your sub needs a balanced xlr input and your receiver a balanced xlr output for it to be a completely balanced signal. You would know if you have it (read the manuals, or look at the back of the sub and receiver). Although, I've only seen balanced xlr's on higher end equipment (you didn't state what you have).
Yes, the blue end of the connector you show is an xlr. They do offer combined xlr/rca (or even 1/4") cables, but don't waste your money. Those are made so that you make a connection: you are trying to eliminate noise/hum/interefernce. If it's not a balanced cable from connector to connector, you can still experience noise and hum. In which case you would need to introduce an audio isolation transformer. If you don't have xlr, try a good quality rg-6 cable (not rg-59), like at accessories4less, they're not that expensive. You can eliminate emi by keeping it 1'-2' away, or minimize it by crossing the lines once at 90'. Hope that helps.