Yes, some players are better at damaged discs than others. I have a Sony 575-something-or-other that's generally quite good at it. I think it does it by reading ahead on the disc a little bit, so it can "work" on a bad section of the disc before the actual playback gets to it. It also has the added benefit of all but eliminating any pauses when switching layers.
I don't have many scratched discs, but I do have at least one that was mis-pressed. You can actually see it on the bottom of the disc, looks like some kind of "bubble" in the data layer. On my old Panasonic that episode was unplayable (Stargate SG-1, S7, Disc1), but my Sony plays it just fine, no hitches at all. It also does fairly well at well-rented discs, although it does have problems with full-blown scratches. I had to chapter-skip the last time it happened (only missed a minute or so of the movie), but at least the player didn't lock up like my old Panasonic would.