Built in speakers and wiring -- help

cgk

cgk

Junior Audioholic
I moved into a rental house where I will be for another 20 months. The owner previous to the guy I'm renting from did a major rebuild/expansion of the house which included built-in speakers and wiring. There are speakers in the ceiling of the basement, family room, kitchen, master bath, and a pair on the wall outside. There is a switch/volume knob wall plate for each set. A bunch of wiring runs out of the wall in the family room into the built-in cabinet under the space for the TV. Alas, none of this mess of wiring is labeled in any way.

Does anyone have any suggestions on how to track down this wiring so I can start using some of the speakers? I'd like to be able to use, at least, the outdoor speakers. Any others would be icing.

Thanks.
 
gregz

gregz

Full Audioholic
Spaghetti noodle wiring!! :eek:

The first problem is the obvious one: You don't know which wire goes where. But there's a second problem even more insidious: You don't know if some or all of the speakers are daisy-chained or paralled together!

My first question is: Are the wires different colors, or are they all the same type?

My second question is: Are the wires polarized, such that half of them are marked as negative, and the other half are not?

No matter what your answers are, you need a volt-meter to measure the resistance between wires. If you don't already own one, you can buy a cheapie at Radio Shack for about $20.

If each speaker is wired separately: You can connect one lead of the voltmeter to a single wire, then alternately connect the other lead to each wire in the bundle until you find the match. Each pair should read between 6 and 8 ohms. Once you have all the wires marked as pairs, you can hook up music to each one and walk around to find out which room is which wire pair.

If the speakers are wired in parallel: You'll see the resistance drop well below 8 or 6 ohms, and possibly lower than 4 ohms. This is a difficult load for most receivers to drive, and will require some work before you hook up and possibly fry your receiver.

If the speakers are wired in series: You'll see a very high resistance, 16 ohms or more. It will work, but you won't get much volume when you hook up your receiver.


Now before anybody comes in with the comment that a speaker's nominal impedance isn't necessarily the same as its DC resistance that the volt-meter measures, I say I have yet to measure a speaker that deviates at DC by more than an ohm or two from it's nominal rating, ESPECIALLY when we're talking individual wall and ceiling speakers with no crossovers. So there. ;)

Good luck with the next of wires, and let us know how it turns out or if you need to get down and dirty.
 
droeses58

droeses58

Audioholic
An easy way to do this if you have a couple of people for help is to take a regular 9volt battery and touch it to two of the speaker leads, that speaker will make a slight pop! sound [don't worry it won't hurt the speaker] and if you can get the grille off or at least make out the driver, you can tell which is the + and which is the - buy the way the woofer moves. Out and you have the battery connected right, "In" and the leads are reversed.
 
jaxvon

jaxvon

Audioholic Ninja
I dunno....I'm not to comfortable about sending DC voltage to my speakers. I'd still opt for the cheap Rat Shack volt meter.
 
cgk

cgk

Junior Audioholic
thanks

I already have a Radio Shack multimeter that I can try out. Thanks for the input folks.
 
B

bpape

Audioholic Chief
I've used the 9 volt battery trick many times. Used to use it a LOT long ago and far away doing car stereo systems. You won't hurt anything.
 
BMXTRIX

BMXTRIX

Audioholic Warlord
Oh look - 6 speakers around the house. (3 pairs)

Oh look, 12 wires (2 for each of the 6 speakers) 6 of them red, six black.

Odds are good that you have no speakers run in series and can just hook up an amp to one pair to determine where they are in the lineup.
 
cgk

cgk

Junior Audioholic
more than 12 wires

Your responses prompted me to take a closer look:

Actually, it's a whole bunch more than 12 wires. I looked at the back of one of the speaker switch plates (it backs into a closet, easy to get to). There are four cables running into the thing. The switch plate has a volume knob, and three push buttons: ALL ON, ALL OFF, and ON/OFF. This leads me to believe that the wiring is much more complicated than simply red/black running to the speakers.

Could it be that there was some kind of central controller before that responded to the push buttons?

There is a thicker cable connecting to the volume knob side of the plate that looks like it has four wires in it. There are two more cables, smaller, that also connect. They each, also, have four wires. Looking at one of the speakers, I see that it has one of the cables coming to it with two wires attached to each lead. This leads me to believe that the big cable carries the signal for each channel and that the smaller cables go out to each speaker after the volume knob does its thing. The fourth cable, then goes to the switch side of the box. It has 3 or 4 wires and plugs into a circuit board.

My hope is that these switches default to "on."

Any thoughts now?
 
B

bpape

Audioholic Chief
If it were me, I'd rip out that controller and get to a point where all you have is wires going to the speakers. Other than that, it's a guessing game that could very well end up eating an amplifier.
 
cgk

cgk

Junior Audioholic
Got it working!

I did the nine-volt battery test and was able to identify which speakers went to each zone. I then ran out and bout a $40 RadioShack 4 zone speaker switcher and I'm able to run any/all of four of the zones. My old 25W NAD integrated amp seems to have no trouble driving the channels. (The switcher claims that the lowest impedence will be 4 ohms which the amp is rated for.)

Thanks for the advice everyone!
 
droeses58

droeses58

Audioholic
cgk said:
I did the nine-volt battery test and was able to identify which speakers went to each zone.


Mark one down, for "OLD SCHOOL" :D
 

Latest posts

newsletter

  • RBHsound.com
  • BlueJeansCable.com
  • SVS Sound Subwoofers
  • Experience the Martin Logan Montis
Top