Yes, it will, to a certain extent. The Polk RTi-10/12s have impedance characteristics that may cause low/mid level receivers’ protection circuitry to engage and shutdown at moderate to upper volume levels. However, the 2307 does have pre-outs if you needed/wanted to add a separate amp to power the 10s more appropriately.
If you look at the configuration and specs of the RTi10 & RTi6, you’ll see that the 10 is essentially the 6 with the addition of the two woofers crossed-over at 125 Hz. The power rating then goes from 125W for the 6, to 300W for the 10, meaning those two woofers consume about 60% of the provided power and only supply a small fraction of the frequency spectrum.
From this analysis, one might surmise that by using a quality set of bookshelfs powered by a low/mid level receiver and adding a good quality subwoofer you could achieve the same if not better results than a full range set of floorstanders appropriately powered. Of course this is not always true but there are many, many ways to configure a system.